PRINCIPLES IN BANKING SYARIAH

Be distinguished in 3 principles, namely:
Principles of trading
Principles rent
Principles for the results
Supplement Principle contract

1.Prinsip Sell buy
Principles is the principle of selling and buying related to the movement of goods or property ownership. Bank's profit level is determined in the future and become part of the price of goods sold. Transactions trading on the distinguished form of payment and delivery of the goods as follows:

a. Financing murabahah
Bank to act as the seller and the buyer as a customer. The selling price is the price of the Bank of suppliers, plus benefits. Both parties must agree on the selling price and the payment period. The selling price be included in the sale and purchase contract, and not changed during the contract's expiry. In this transaction the goods are submitted after the contract, while the payment is done respite.

b. Regard
Buy and sell transactions where the goods are not there. Therefore, goods are downright, is a payment in cash. The Bank acted as a buyer, the seller as a client. Overview of the transaction is similar to buying and selling ijon, but in one, quantity, quality, price and time of delivery of the goods specified exactly. In practice, goods that have been submitted to the Bank, the Bank may sell the goods back in cash or installment. The sale price is the price of the set, plus benefits.
Generally, the transaction is applied in the financing of goods that have not yet exist, such as the purchase of agricultural commodities by the bank, then sold back for cash or installment.

c. Istishna
Resembles one, but the payment can be made by several banks in terms of payment. Istishna Bank scheme in the Sharia, public financing is done for manufacturing and construction. Specifications goods orders must be clear, such as the type, size, quality and amount. Selling price listed in the contract istishna and should not be changed during the contract's expiry.

2. Principles lease (Ijarah)
Transactions ijarah understanding of the benefits of the movement. When buying and selling of objects in the transaction is the goods, then the object ijarah services. At the end of the lease, the bank can sell goods to customers disewakannya. The selling price and the price agreed on the rental agreement early.

For 3.Prinsip Results
Principles for the results of the two divided, namely:
a. Musyarakah
Musyarakah transaction was the desire of the parties to work together to increase the value of the assets that they own together.
Conditions common: All are united together to be the capital of capital projects musyarakah and managed together. Each owner the right to take the capital and in determining the policies of the business is run by implementing the project.
b. Mudharabah
Is a form of cooperation between 2 (two) or more parties where the owners of capital amounting to commit capital to the manager (mudharib) with a profit sharing agreement.

4. Akad Pelengkap
To facilitate financing agency, is required supplementary contract. Although not intended profit, the contract allowed to ask supplementary replacement costs spent to implement this contract. Large replacement cost just to cover the cost of actually arise.
a. Hiwalah (instead receivables)
This facility is common for suppliers to help get the cash capital to be able to continue production. Bank recover the cost of the transplant service receivables.
b. Rahn (mortgage)
To provide assurance of repayment to the Bank in providing financing. Pawned goods must meet the criteria: a) owned by the customers themselves, b) Clearly, the size, nature and value, is determined based on the real market value, c) can be mastered, but not to be used by the bank.
c. Qard
It is borrowing money.
d. Wakalah (representative)
Occurs when a customer gives the Bank the power to represent themselves to implement specific employment services, such as bookkeeping L / C (Letter of Credit), collection and transfer money.
e. Kafalah (Bank Garnsi)
Given with the aim to guarantee the payment obligations of a payment. Bank may require customers to place some funds to this facility as rahn (mortgage), and the Bank may also receive these funds with the principles wadiah. Bank allowed to get replacement cost of the services provided.